30th Anniversary of 1995 Quebec Referendum

30 Years Ago: Quebec's Narrow Vote to Stay in Canada

Thirty years ago this week, Quebecers narrowly voted to remain in Canada, following a divisive referendum on independence. The 1995 election saw a razor-thin majority of 50.58% choose to stay, with then-prime minister Jean Chrétien having contingency plans in case of a 'yes' victory.

The referendum, held on October 30, 1992, was a tense moment in Canadian history. Federalist businessman Claude Garcia famously declared that the goal of the 'no' side should be to 'crush' sovereigntists. However, federalist forces were reportedly unprepared for an election in favour of separation, with some political figures believing Jean Chrétien might resign or be forced out if the sovereigntist side won.

U.S. President Bill Clinton favoured a united Canada during the campaign, while French President Jacques Chirac surprisingly announced on CNN's Larry King Live that he would recognize a vote to separate in the final days. The 'yes' side was led by Quebec Premier Jacques Parizeau, who controversially blamed the election defeat on 'money and ethnic votes', likening Quebecers to 'lobsters being trapped'.

Allegations of illegal spending by the federal government in the 'no' campaign were later confirmed, with a retired judge finding about $539,000 in illicit expenses. A unity rally in Montreal saw discounted tickets offered to boost attendance, with varying estimates of the crowd size.

The 1995 Quebec referendum on independence was a pivotal moment in Canadian history, with lessons learned on both sides. Despite the close result, Quebec remains a vital part of Canada, with ongoing discussions about provincial powers and national unity.