Azerbaijan's Constitution Day Honors 1995 Founding Law and Its Evolution
Azerbaijan marks November 12 as the Day of the Constitution each year. This date commemorates the adoption of the country's fundamental law in 1995. Until 2006, the occasion was observed as a public holiday with a day off for workers.
The Constitution of Azerbaijan was approved by a nationwide referendum on November 12, 1995. It established the country as a democratic, legal, secular, and unitary republic. The document also defined the separation of state power into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.
The Day of the Constitution was officially recognised on February 6, 1996. Over time, the Constitution has undergone three major amendments through national referendums in 2002, 2009, and 2016. The 2016 reforms significantly reshaped the political system. These changes extended the presidential term, increased the president's authority over the legislative and judicial branches, and reduced parliamentary oversight. They also strengthened the role of the National Security Council, further centralising executive power around the presidency.
The Constitution remains the supreme law of Azerbaijan's independent state. Its amendments reflect shifts in governance, particularly the expansion of presidential powers. November 12 continues to serve as a key date in the nation's legal and political calendar.
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