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German industry thrives in high-growth sectors—except struggling automotive

A bold transformation is reshaping Germany's economy—yet one iconic industry risks falling behind. Can innovation save it before it's too late?

The image shows an old black and white photo of a factory with people working on a machine,...
The image shows an old black and white photo of a factory with people working on a machine, surrounded by metal rods, poles, and other objects. At the bottom of the image, there is text that reads "New Eisenglebeerei, the first factory in Germany".

German industry thrives in high-growth sectors—except struggling automotive

German industry is experiencing a major structural change, with most sectors now focused on high-growth products. Over three-quarters of manufacturing output comes from industries with steadily rising demand over the past five years. Yet while many areas thrive, the automotive sector continues to struggle against fierce competition and shrinking exports to China. A recent analysis shows that 76% of the manufacturing sector's gross value added now stems from industries with consistent growth over the last half-decade. Even traditionally stable fields like metal production and chemicals are dominated by high-demand segments. Oliver Falck of the Ifo Institute described these trends as overwhelmingly positive for German industry.

The automotive industry, however, stands out as an exception. Exports to China have plummeted, with deliveries halving in recent years. Unlike other sectors, carmakers have yet to successfully shift toward growth-driven products, leaving them exposed to intensifying global competition. Researchers argue that policymakers must adapt by fostering innovation rather than protecting outdated structures. They suggest a model where products are developed in Germany but manufactured abroad, supported by improved capital markets, tax incentives, and flexible regulations. Without these changes, the transition could stall in key areas.

The studies reveal a mixed picture for German industry—strong growth in many sectors, but persistent challenges in automotive manufacturing. While deindustrialisation is not yet a reality, the need for supportive policies remains clear. The success of future shifts will depend on how quickly businesses and lawmakers align on innovation and global production strategies.

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