Germany's public debt surges by €144 billion in 2025
Germany's public debt climbed sharply in 2025, rising by €144 billion. The increase pushed the country's total debt to €2.84 trillion, while the debt-to-GDP ratio grew by 1.3 percentage points. This surge outpaced the government's Maastricht deficit for the same period. The federal government accounted for the largest portion of the rise, adding €107 billion to its debt. State governments contributed a further €19 billion, while local municipalities saw their debt grow by €25 billion. Social insurance debt also more than doubled, jumping from €3 billion to €7 billion.
In addition to national borrowing, Germany holds roughly 2.6% of the EU's collective debt. This share amounts to about €118 billion. Despite the steep increase, the total debt remains below the Maastricht threshold of 60% of GDP, now standing at 63.5%. The €144 billion rise in debt exceeded the general government deficit of €119 billion, as defined by Maastricht criteria. This gap highlights the scale of borrowing beyond standard budget shortfalls.
The debt expansion reflects significant borrowing across all levels of government. With total public debt now at €2.84 trillion, the financial burden has grown notably. The figures also underscore Germany's role in the EU's broader debt landscape.
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