India Overhauls Labour Laws with Four New Codes Starting November 2025
India’s four new Labour Codes will take effect on November 21, 2025, marking a major shift from outdated colonial-era laws. The reforms aim to modernise the country’s labour framework in line with global standards. International bodies have already praised the move as a significant step forward.
The four codes—Wages (2019), Industrial Relations (2020), Social Security (2020), and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (2020)—replace decades-old regulations. Their implementation addresses long-standing calls for a more contemporary and inclusive labour system.
The International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the International Social Security Association (ISSA) have both welcomed the changes. They noted that India’s reforms strengthen social protection and minimum wage structures while contributing to global discussions on fair labour practices.
Gilbert F. Houngbo, the ILO’s Director-General, has followed India’s progress closely. He emphasised that ongoing dialogue between government, employers, and workers will be crucial as the new rules are rolled out. The ISSA also highlighted how India’s efforts align with worldwide pushes for better social security systems.
India’s Labour Ministry has reaffirmed its commitment to working with international partners and domestic stakeholders. This collaboration aims to ensure the reforms are implemented effectively and further improve the country’s labour ecosystem.
The introduction of these codes positions India as a growing influence in shaping global labour standards. Recognised for their focus on social protection and modern wage frameworks, the reforms reflect a broader push toward fairer and more inclusive work environments. Both the ILO and ISSA have acknowledged their role in advancing international labour discussions.
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