UN Security Council Unanimously Votes for Reform
The United Nations (UN), established on October 24, 1945, is an international organization with 193 member states, plus Palestine and the Holy See as observers. Based in New York City, it maintains additional offices in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna. The UN's key objectives include maintaining peace, fostering relations, and promoting cooperation among nations.
The UN addresses a wide range of issues, including peace and security, humanitarian aid, human rights, and sustainable development. Its principal organs are the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Secretariat, International Court of Justice, and Trusteeship Council. The International Court of Justice is based in The Hague, Netherlands.
The UN's expenses are shared among member states based on a scale of assessments, primarily linked to each country's gross national income over the past six years. Despite its wide-ranging work, the UN faces criticism for the Security Council's permanent membership not fully reflecting today's global landscape, with Africa and Latin America lacking permanent seats.
In a significant move, the UN Security Council unanimously adopted a resolution on July 22, 2025, to initiate a reform process. This includes reviewing membership categories, veto rights, and enhancing regional representation. However, a final structural reform has not yet been implemented, pending ratification by two-thirds of member states and all five permanent members.
United Nations resolutions adopted by the Security Council hold legal binding power under international law. As the UN continues to address global challenges, the ongoing reform process aims to ensure its structures and procedures better reflect the contemporary world.
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