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JEF strengthens defense of Atlantic undersea cables amid rising threats

A new era of maritime security unfolds as ten nations unite to shield vital undersea infrastructure. Can this alliance outpace emerging threats in the Atlantic?

The image shows a group of ships on the water with a cloudy sky in the background. At the bottom of...
The image shows a group of ships on the water with a cloudy sky in the background. At the bottom of the image, there is text and a logo that reads "15 NATO and two partner nations demonstrating maritime, anti-subsurface warfare, amphibious, and air defense operations to ensure regional security in the Baltic".

JEF strengthens defense of Atlantic undersea cables amid rising threats

The Joint Expeditionary Force is developing operational concepts to protect undersea cables and pipelines in the Atlantic and North Sea, Lord Coaker confirmed in a parliamentary answer on 24 April, describing the work as complementary to NATO and a priority given the vital role of such infrastructure in national security, economic stability and communications.

Asked by Baroness McIntosh of Pickering what plans exist for the JEF to secure the safe operation of undersea cables and pipelines, Coaker said the ten-nation force was "developing and refining operational concepts that include maritime domain awareness, intelligence sharing, and rapid deployment capabilities to deter and respond to threats against these assets."

Coaker also confirmed that following reported damage to a major undersea cable in the Baltic Sea in January 2025, the JEF activated an advanced UK-led reaction system known as Nordic Warden to track potential threats to undersea infrastructure and monitor the Russian shadow fleet, adding that the system was "subsequently handed over to NATO under their Baltic Sentry initiative."

Coaker said the government "remains committed to enhancing the JEF's capabilities to meet emerging challenges in its area of interest, including the protection of undersea infrastructure in the Atlantic and North Sea", noting that while "the JEF is not solely dedicated to undersea cable and pipeline security, it forms a component of the UK's broader strategy to safeguard these essential assets through multinational cooperation, rapid response, and integrated maritime security operations in support of NATO."

The JEF comprises the UK alongside Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden, and is positioned as a rapid-response force across the northern European region, operating in support of but separately from NATO's command structure, with the Atlantic Bastion programme running in parallel as the UK's dedicated domestic effort to counter Russian undersea activity.

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